A gas turbine, also called a combustion turbine, is a type of continuous combustion, internal combustion engine. There are three main components:
1- An upstream rotating gas compressor;
2- A downstream turbine on the same shaft;
3- A combustion chamber or area, called a combustor, in between 1. and 2. above.
A fourth component is often used to increase efficiency (turboprop, turbofan), to convert power into mechanical or electric form (turboshaft, electric generator), or to achieve greater power to mass/volume ratio (afterburner).
The basic operation of the gas turbine is a Brayton cycle with air as the working fluid. Fresh atmospheric air flows through the compressor that brings it to higher pressure. Energy is then added by spraying fuel into the air and igniting it so the combustion generates a high-temperature flow. This high-temperature high-pressure gas enters a turbine, where it expands down to the exhaust pressure, producing a shaft work output in the process. The turbine shaft work is used to drive the compressor; the energy that is not used for compressing the working fluid comes out in the exhaust gases that can be used to do external work, such as directly producing thrust in a turbojet engine, or rotating a second, independent turbine (known as a power turbine) which can be connected to a fan, propeller, or electrical generator. The purpose of the gas turbine determines the design so that the most desirable split of energy between the thrust and the shaft work is achieved. The fourth step of the Brayton cycle (cooling of the working fluid) is omitted, as gas turbines are open systems that do not use the same air again.
Gas turbines are used to power aircraft, trains, ships, electrical generators, pumps, gas compressors, and tanks.
The gas turbine equipment’s that ETE Company enhance, meet the customers’ challenges in a dynamic market and these requirements fulfilling a wide spectrum of efficiency, reliability, flexibility and environmental compatibility, the products offer low lifecycle costs. The gas turbine performs the way to the next level of efficiency and performance and high flexibility.
The gas turbine usually has a robust design with internal cooling air passages for trusted long term operation and fast start up capability. The advanced annular combustion chamber with individually replaceable heat shields allows for easy and fast walk-in maintenance. Hydraulic Clearance Optimization reduces clearance losses to increase the gas turbine efficiency and minimize degradation at start-up and shut down.
The gas turbine offers economic power generation with fast start-up for peak, intermediate, or base load duty. It achieves peak values for reliability and continuous operation with highest performance values in its. gas turbines are a proven unit for all electrical power generation and mechanical drive applications. The gas turbines usually have a rugged industrial design that enables high efficiency and excellent emissions performance on a wide range of gaseous and liquid fuels.